![]() Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems have opposite effects on the above-mentioned processes. The two components of the autonomic nervous system are sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system. The knee reflex is shown in figure 1.įigure 2: Innervation of the autonomic nervous system The autonomic reflex arcs control the involuntary actions of organs while somatic reflex arcs control that of skeletal muscles. There are two types of reflex arcs: autonomic reflex arcs and somatic reflex arcs. The nerve pathways of the reflex arcs are connected to the spinal cord. In reflex arcs, the skeletal muscles work without coordinating with the central nervous system. In addition to controlling voluntary muscular movements, the somatic nervous system is also involved in controlling involuntary muscular movements called reflex arcs. The spinal nerves carry nerve impulses in and out of the spinal cord. The cranial nerves carry nerve impulses in and out of the brain. The somatic nervous system is composed of two parts: cranial nerves and spinal nerves. The afferent and efferent neurons are connected by interneurons at the central nervous system. The efferent neurons are responsible for carrying information from the central nervous system to the effector organs. The afferent neurons are responsible for carrying information from sensory receptors to the central nervous system. On that account, the somatic nervous system is composed of both afferent and efferent nerves. It controls the skeletal muscles in the body according to the stimuli obtained from the sensory receptors of the body. The somatic nervous system (SONS), also known as voluntary nervous system, is a part of PNS and is involved in controlling the voluntary muscular movements of the body. Key terms: Afferent Neurons, Autonomic Nervous System (ANS), Cranial Nerves, Efferent Neurons, Involuntary Nervous System, Parasympathetic Nervous System, Reflex Arcs, Somatic Nervous System (SONS), Spinal nerves, Sympathetic Nervous System, Voluntary Nervous System What is Somatic Nervous System What is the Difference Between Somatic and Autonomic Nervous System What are the Similarities Between Somatic and Peripheral Nervous SystemĤ. The main difference between somatic and autonomic nervous system is that somatic nervous system is involved in controlling voluntary muscular movements whereas the autonomic nervous system is involved in controlling involuntary muscular movements in the body Key Areas Coveredģ. The somatic nervous system is known as the voluntary nervous system and the autonomic nervous system is known as the involuntary nervous system. Somatic and autonomic nervous system are the two parts of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The main function of the PNS is to relay information between the central nervous system and the effector organs. Peripheral nervous system is the nervous system which is outside the brain and spinal cord. Main Difference – Somatic vs Autonomic Nervous System
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